Author: John Fitzgerald and Peter Gorm Larsen
This example is made by John Fitgerald and Peter Gorm Larsen and it is used in the chapter about recursion in the second edition of the VDM-SL book. It contains a number of examples for recursive graph structures and functionality over such graphs.
Properties | Values |
---|---|
Language Version: | classic |
Entry point : | DEFAULT`AllLabDesc(lgraph,1) |
types
Graph = map Id to set of Id
inv g == dunion rng g subset dom g;
ASyncGraph = Graph
inv asyncg ==
forall id in set dom asyncg &
id not in set TransClos(asyncg,id);
Path = seq of Id;
Id = nat
functions
Paths: ASyncGraph * Id -> set of Path
Paths(g,id) ==
let children = g(id)
in
if children = {}
then {[id]}
else dunion {{[id] ^ p | p in set Paths(g,c)}
| c in set children}
pre id in set dom g
measure measureTransClos;
measureTransClos : ASyncGraph * Id -> nat
measureTransClos(g,id) ==
card TransClos(g,id);
LinearPath: Graph * Id -> Path
LinearPath(g,id) ==
let children = g(id)
in
if card children <> 1 or
exists parent in set dom g &
parent <> id and children subset g(parent)
then [id]
else let child in set children
in
[id] ^ LinearPath(g,child)
pre id in set dom g and
id not in set TransClos(g,id);
TransClos: Graph * Id -> set of Id
TransClos(g,id) ==
dunion {TransClosAux(g,c,{})| c in set g(id)}
pre id in set dom g;
TransClosAux: Graph * Id * set of Id -> set of Id
TransClosAux(g,id,reached) ==
if id in set reached
then {}
else {id} union
dunion {TransClosAux(g,c,reached union {id})
| c in set g(id)}
pre id in set dom g
measure measureGraphReached;
measureGraphReached : Graph * Id * set of Id -> nat
measureGraphReached(g,-,reached) ==
card dom g - card reached;
AsycDescendents: AcyclicGraph * Id -> set of Id
AsycDescendents(g,id) ==
{id} union dunion {AsycDescendents(g,c) | c in set g(id)}
pre id in set dom g
measure measureTransClos;
Descendents: Graph * Id * set of Id -> set of Id
Descendents(g,id,reached) ==
if id in set reached
then {}
else {id} union
dunion {Descendents(g,c,reached union {id})
| c in set g(id)}
pre id in set dom g
measure measureGraphReached;
AllDesc: Graph * Id -> set of Id
AllDesc(g,id) ==
dunion {TransClosAux(g,c,{})| c in set g(id)}
pre id in set dom g;
types
AcyclicGraph = Graph
inv acg ==
not exists id in set dom acg &
id in set AllDesc(acg,id);
values
graph : Graph = {1 |-> {2,3},
2 |-> {4},
3 |-> {5},
4 |-> {6},
5 |-> {6},
6 |-> {}}
types
LabGraph = map NodeId to (map ArcId to NodeId)
inv g ==
UniqueArcIds(g) and
forall m in set rng g & rng m subset dom g;
AcyclicLabGraph = LabGraph
inv acg ==
not exists id in set dom acg &
id in set AllLabDesc(acg,id);
NodeId = nat;
ArcId = nat
functions
AllLabDesc: LabGraph * NodeId -> set of NodeId
AllLabDesc(g,id) ==
dunion {LabDescendents(g,c,{})| c in set rng g(id)}
pre id in set dom g;
measureLabGraphReached : LabGraph * Id * set of Id -> nat
measureLabGraphReached(g,-,reached) ==
card dom g - card reached;
LabDescendents: LabGraph * NodeId * set of NodeId -> set of NodeId
LabDescendents(g,id,reached) ==
if id in set reached
then {}
else {id} union
dunion {LabDescendents(g,c,reached union {id})
| c in set rng g(id)}
pre id in set dom g
measure measureLabGraphReached;
UniqueArcIds: map NodeId to (map ArcId to NodeId) -> bool
UniqueArcIds(g) ==
let m = {nid |-> dom g(nid) | nid in set dom g}
in
forall nid1, nid2 in set dom m &
nid1 <> nid2 => m(nid1) inter m(nid2) = {}
values
lgraph : LabGraph = {1 |-> {1 |-> 2,2 |-> 3},
2 |-> {3 |-> 4},
3 |-> {4 |-> 5},
4 |-> {5 |-> 6},
5 |-> {6 |-> 6},
6 |-> {|->}}